77 lines
2.7 KiB
HTML
77 lines
2.7 KiB
HTML
<html><head>
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<object type="application/x-oleobject" classid="clsid:1e2a7bd0-dab9-11d0-b93a-00c04fc99f9e">
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<param name="Keyword" value="and">
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<param name="Keyword" value="or">
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<param name="Keyword" value="not">
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<param name="Keyword" value="xor">
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<param name="Keyword" value="shl">
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<param name="Keyword" value="shr">
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</object>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1251">
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<title></title>
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<link rel="StyleSheet" href="../../default.css">
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<style type="text/css">
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.auto-style1 {
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font-family: monospace;
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font-size: 10pt;
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color: #000080;
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}
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</style>
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</head>
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<body><H1>Ïîáèòîâûå îïåðàöèè</H1>
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<p>
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Ê
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<i>ïîáèòîâûì</i> îòíîñÿòñÿ áèíàðíûå îïåðàöèè<i> </i><code><b>and</b></code>, <code><b>or</b></code>, <b><code>not</code></b>,
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<b><code>xor</code></b>, <code><b>shl</b></code>, <code><b>shr</b></code>. Îíè
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ïðîèçâîäÿò ïîáèòîâûå ìàíèïóëÿöèè ñ îïåðàíäàìè öåëîãî òèïà. Ðåçóëüòèðóþùèé òèï
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äëÿ <code><b>and</b></code>, <code><b>or</b></code>,
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<b><code>xor</code></b> áóäåò íàèìåíüøèì öåëûì, âêëþ÷àþùèì âñå âîçìîæíûå çíà÷åíèÿ îáîèõ òèïîâ îïåðàíäîâ.
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Äëÿ <code><b>shl</b></code>, <code><b>shr</b></code> ðåçóëüòèðóþùèé
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òèï ñîâïàäàåò ñ òèïîì ëåâîãî îïåðàíäà, äëÿ <code><b>not</b></code>
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- ñ òèïîì îïåðàíäà.</p>
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<p>
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Ïîáèòîâûå îïåðàöèè îñóùåñòâëÿþòñÿ ñëåäóþùèì îáðàçîì: ñ êàæäûì áèòîì (0
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ïðèíèìàåòñÿ çà False, 1 - çà True)
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ïðîèçâîäèòñÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùàÿ ëîãè÷åñêàÿ îïåðàöèÿ. Íàïðèìåð:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p><code>00010101 <b>and</b> 00011001 = 00010001<br>
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00010101 <b>or</b> 00011001 = 00011101<br>
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00010101 <b>xor</b> 00011001 = 00001100<br>
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<b>not</b> 00010101 = 11101010</code></p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>
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(îïåðàíäû è ðåçóëüòàò ïðåäñòàâëåíû â äâîè÷íîé ôîðìå).</p>
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<p>
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Îïåðàöèèè <strong><span class="auto-style1">shl</span></strong> è <strong>
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<span class="auto-style1">shr</span></strong> èìåþò âèä:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p><code>
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a <strong>shl</strong> n <br>a <strong>shr</strong> n
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</code></p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>
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ãäå n - öåëîå ïîëîæèòåëüíîå ÷èñëî, a - öåëîå ÷èñëî.</p>
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<p>
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<code>
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a <strong>shl</strong> n</code> ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé öåëîå ïîëîæèòåëüíîå, ïîëó÷åííîå èç äâîè÷íîãî
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ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ ÷èñëà a ñäâèãîì âëåâî íà n ïîçèöèé. Äîáàâëÿåìûå ñïðàâà ïîçèöèè
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çàïîëíÿþòñÿ íóëÿìè. </p>
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<p>
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<code>
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a <strong>shr</strong> n</code> ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé öåëîå ïîëîæèòåëüíîå, ïîëó÷åííîå èç äâîè÷íîãî
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ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ ÷èñëà a ñäâèãîì âïðàâî íà n ïîçèöèé.</p>
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<p>
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Íàïðèìåð:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p><code>
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3 <strong>shl</strong> 2 = 12 <br>12 <strong>shr</strong> 2 = 3</code></p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>
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ïîñêîëüêó 3=11<sub>2</sub>, ïîñëå ñäâèãà âëåâî íà 2 ïîçèöèè 11<sub>2</sub> ïðåîáðàçóåòñÿ â 1100<sub>2</sub>=12, à
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12=1100<sub>2</sub> ïîñëå ñäâèãà âïðàâî íà 2 ïîçèöèè ïðåîáðàçóåòñÿ â 11<sub>2</sub>=3.</p>
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<p>
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</p>
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<p>
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</p>
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</body></html> |